The flu epidemic has hit a milestone that hasn’t happened in over a decade

Doctors at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) say they're seeing "widespread" instances of the flu in 49 states.
It's the first time that many states have been slammed by the flu at the same time in over a decade.
Some evidence suggests that the worst of the flu season is upon us, and that the flu shot will be better at protecting more late-season cases this year.

Flu season arrived early in the US this year, and it's been deadly. To make matters worse, the current vaccine isn't working very well against one of the most common strains of the virus.

"This year’s influenza season is proving particularly difficult" CDC Deputy Director Anne Schuchat said during a briefing on Tuesday.

Perhaps most the most unusual thing about this year's flu, experts say, is that it's hitting almost everyone at the same time.

The flu is "widespread" in 49 states right now, according to the CDC (Hawaii is the only state without that distinction). Doctors at the CDC say they haven't seen in that kind of across-the-board flu circulation in the last 13 years of tracking the flu, or maybe ever.

A quick and deadly spread

The prevalence of the flu has led to shortages of anti-viral drugs that doctors prescribe in the first 48 hours of illness to make the bug shorter and milder. Pharmacies in San Francisco and Atlanta have reportedly been running out of the drugs, and Roche Holding AG, the maker of one of the most popular anti-virals, called Tamiflu, told Reuters that the company is having trouble getting shipments of the liquid version for kids to distributors and wholesalers on schedule.

At least 21 children have died from the flu so far this season, and Dan Jernigan, who directs the CDC's influenza division says it's likely that the actual number of kids who've been killed across the country could be double what's been reported.

On Tuesday, NBC reported that a fourth-grader from Connecticut died suddenly due to complications from the flu while away at a hockey event. It is not known whether the boy had been vaccinated, but a 2017 study showed that getting a shot can significantly reduce a child’s likelihood of dying from the flu.

In California alone, 43 people under the age of 65 have died, most of whom were un-vaccinated adults, the California Department of Health told Business Insider. One victim in the state was a 40-year-old marathon-running mother whose flu led to pneumonia and sepsis

In Alabama, Gov. Kay Ivey declared a public health emergency last week, saying hospitals and health care workers were "overwhelmed" with sick patients, and ""

You can see how quickly the flu has spread across the US in this dramatic week-by-week map:

Part of the problem this season has been the prevalence of a deadly strain of influenza 'A' called H3N2. So far, nearly eight of every 10 lab-confirmed flu cases have been that aggressive strain, which is also being called the "Aussie flu" since Australia's flu season preceded the US' and was unusually severe as well.

H3N2 is not well served by vaccines because it rapidly evolves and is difficult to grow successfully in eggs, which is how most flu shots get made.

But this season's deadly flu is not without precedent. Severe flu seasons can kill upwards of 56,000 people every year in the US, and lead to up to $10.4 billion in direct medical costs. The flu reaches "epidemic" levels at some point every year — officially, that's when the number of people killed by the flu passes 6.8% of all US deaths (as happened earlier this month).

The worst may be over

Some new evidence suggests the H3N2 strain of the virus may be peaking this month.

Flu watchers at the CDC say they're starting to see more influenza 'B' popping up in their tests, and those 'B' viruses are better served by this year's vaccine. (In one study, the flu shot worked against 54% of influenza B cases, while its effectiveness against H3N2 strains was closer to 33%.)

Despite years of modeling, the fate of the flu season is still near impossible for experts to predict. The virus moves quickly, changes rapidly, and mutates drastically from year to year. That's why a universal flu vaccine that could protect patients for life has so far been impossible for drugmakers to produce.

As CDC deputy science director Phoebe Thorpe put it, "if you've seen one flu season... you've seen one flu season."

Officials say influenza will continue to circulate in the US for weeks to come, however, which means it's not too late to get the shot.

The flu epidemic has hit a milestone that hasn’t happened in over a decade

A quick and deadly spread

The worst may be over

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