The Gulf state, who will host the World Cup in 2022, are now ranked 55th -- just ahead of Cameroon and Egypt -- after beating Japan 3-1 in last week's final in the United Arab Emirates. It is their highest ranking since 1993.
Meanwhile, Japan's run in the same competition has seen them shoot up to 27th, a rise of 23 positions.
Belgium remain first in an unchanged top 10, just in front of world champions France.
Ranking, February 7
1. Belgium, 2. France, 3. Brazil, 4. Croatia, 5. England, 6. Portugal, 7. Uruguay, 8. Switzerland, 9. Spain, 10. Denmark
Selected others
22. Iran (+7), 27. Japan (+23), 38. South Korea (+15), 55. Qatar (+38)